Measured Data

Heat Release Rate Per Unit Area (HRRPUA)

Experiments for heat release per unit area [kW/m2] were conducted on samples conditioned at 20°C and 50% relative humidity using a cone calorimeter at three different heat fluxes: 25 kW/m2, 50 kW/m2, and 75 kW/m2.

Cone Calorimeter: 25 kW/m2

25 kW/m² R1 25 kW/m² R2 25 kW/m² R3 25 kW/m² R4
Time to Sustained Ignition (s) 103.00 103.25 102.50 86.75
Time to Peak HRRPUA (s) 112.50 83.75 76.75 65.50
Peak HRRPUA (kW/m²) 105.95 111.41 115.49 149.56

Cone Calorimeter: 50 kW/m2

50 kW/m² R1 50 kW/m² R2 50 kW/m² R3 50 kW/m² R4
Time to Sustained Ignition (s) 39.50 36.25 37.00 28.75
Time to Peak HRRPUA (s) 56.50 52.00 48.50 54.75
Peak HRRPUA (kW/m²) 209.02 214.93 181.44 212.25

Cone Calorimeter: 75 kW/m2

75 kW/m² R1 75 kW/m² R2 75 kW/m² R3 75 kW/m² R4
Time to Sustained Ignition (s) 19.00 19.00 18.75 14.25
Time to Peak HRRPUA (s) 47.75 46.50 51.00 58.75
Peak HRRPUA (kW/m²) 254.46 280.99 237.33 234.86

Carbon Monoxide (CO) Yield

Carbon monoxide yield was measured during cone calorimeter experiments conducted at heat fluxes of 25 kW/m2, 50 kW/m2, and 75 kW/m2.

Incident Heat Flux [kW/m²] Mean CO Yield [g/g] CO Yield Std. Dev. [g/g]
25 0.032 0.007
50 0.038 0.008
75 0.04 0.006

Specific Heat Release Rate

Experiments for specific heat release rate [W/g], were conducted using a micro-scale combustion calorimeter at a heating rate of 30 K/min.

Mass Loss Rate (MLR)

Initial-mass-normalized mass loss rate [1/s] was measured in the simultaneous thermal analyzer experiments at three heating rates: 3 K/min, 10 K/min, and 30 K/min and mass loss rate [g/s] in the cone calorimeter at three heat fluxes: 25 kW/m2, 50 kW/m2, and 75 kW/m2.

Simultaneous Thermal Analyzer

Cone Calorimeter: 25 kW/m2

Cone Calorimeter: 50 kW/m2

Cone Calorimeter: 75 kW/m2

Derived Data

Soot Yield

Soot yield [g/g] was calculated from smoke obscuration data collected in cone calorimeter experiments conducted at heat fluxes of 25 kW/m2, 50 kW/m2, and 75 kW/m2.

Incident Heat Flux [kW/m²] Mean Soot Yield [g/g] Soot Yield Std. Dev. [g/g]
25 0.05 0.022
50 0.056 0.019
75 0.063 0.01

Effective Heat of Combustion (Δhc)

Effective heat of combustion [MJ/kg] is calculated from data collected in micro-scale combustion calorimeter experiments.

Micro-scale Combustion Calorimeter

Value R1 R2 R3 Mean Std. Dev.
Heat of Combustion (MJ/kg) 5.4 3.42 3.14 3.99 1.01

Temperature at Onset of Decomposition

The temperature at onset of decomposition [Tonset] is a derived quantity computed from data collected in simultaneous thermal analyzer experiments.

10 °C/min 30 °C/min
Mean Onset Temperature (°C) 226 241
Std. Dev. Onset Temperature (°C) 8 6
Mean Normalized MLR at Onset (1/s) 4.70e-04 4.00e-04
Std. Dev. Normalized MLR at Onset (1/s) 1.41e-04 0.34e-04
Mean Mass Fraction at Onset 0.99 0.99
Std. Dev. Mass Fraction at Onset 0.00 0.00
Mean Temperature at end of Decomposition (°C) 723 748
Std. Dev. Temperature at end of Decomposition (°C) 4 6