Measured Data

Specific Heat

Experiments for specific heat [J/(kg K)], or heat capacity, were conducted using a heat flow meter on unconditioned and dried samples at 10 °C, 20 °C, 30 °C and 40 °C.

Unconditioned

Temperature (C) Specific Heat Mean (J/kg-K) Standard Deviation (J/kg-K)
10.0 1310.0 240.0
20.0 1359.0 238.0
30.0 1433.0 267.0
40.0 1479.0 260.0

Dried

Temperature (C) Specific Heat Mean (J/kg-K) Standard Deviation (J/kg-K)
10.0 1202.0 16.0
20.0 1260.0 24.0
30.0 1303.0 19.0
40.0 1354.0 28.0

Thermal Conductivity

Experiments for thermal conductivity [W/(m K)] were conducted using a heat flow meter on unconditioned and dried samples at 15 °C and either 45 °C or 65 °C.

Unconditioned

Temperature (C) Conductivity Mean (W/m-K) Standard Deviation (W/m-K)
15.0 0.114 0.008
65.0 0.126 0.009

Dried

Temperature (C) Conductivity Mean (W/m-K) Standard Deviation (W/m-K)
15.0 0.109 0.011
65.0 0.121 0.015

Mass Loss Rate (MLR)

Simultaneous thermal analyzer experiments were conducted at three heating rates: 3 K/min, 10 K/min, and 30 K/min.

Cone calorimeter tests were conducted at a heat flux of 35 kW/m2 on samples conditioned at 20°C and 50% relative humidity.

Simultaneous Thermal Analyzer

Cone Calorimeter: 35 kW/m2

Heat Release Rate Per Unit Area (HRRPUA)

Cone calorimeter tests were conducted at a heat flux of 35 kW/m2 on samples conditioned at 20°C and 50% relative humidity.

Cone Calorimeter: 35 kW/m2

35 kW/m² R1 35 kW/m² R2 35 kW/m² R3
Time to Sustained Ignition (s) 54.75 51.00 54.75
Time to Peak HRRPUA (s) 492.25 500.50 523.50
Peak HRRPUA (kW/m²) 152.49 170.49 164.49

Carbon Monoxide (CO) Yield

Cone calorimeter tests were conducted at a heat flux of 35 kW/m2 on samples conditioned at 20°C and 50% relative humidity.

Incident Heat Flux [kW/m²] Mean CO Yield [g/g] CO Yield Std. Dev. [g/g]
35 0.04 0.007

Derived Data

Temperature at Onset of Decomposition

Simultaneous thermal analyzer experiments were conducted at three heating rates: 3 K/min, 10 K/min, and 30 K/min.

3 °C/min 10 °C/min 30 °C/min
Mean Onset Temperature (°C) 225 241 256
Std. Dev. Onset Temperature (°C) NaN 4 1
Mean Normalized MLR at Onset (1/s) 6.60e-04 6.01e-04 4.94e-04
Std. Dev. Normalized MLR at Onset (1/s) NaN 0.87e-04 0.03e-04
Mean Mass Fraction at Onset 0.98 0.98 0.98
Std. Dev. Mass Fraction at Onset NaN 0.00 0.00
Mean Temperature at end of Decomposition (°C) 401 418 442
Std. Dev. Temperature at end of Decomposition (°C) NaN 14 9