Measured Data
Specific Heat
Experiments for specific heat [J/(kg K)], or heat capacity, were conducted using a heat flow meter on unconditioned and dried samples at 10 °C, 20 °C, 30 °C and 40 °C.
Unconditioned
| Temperature (C) | Specific Heat Mean (J/kg-K) | Standard Deviation (J/kg-K) |
|---|---|---|
| 10.0 | 1143.0 | NaN |
| 20.0 | 1204.0 | NaN |
| 30.0 | 1288.0 | NaN |
| 40.0 | 1283.0 | NaN |
Thermal Conductivity
Experiments for thermal conductivity [W/(m K)] were conducted using a heat flow meter on unconditioned and dried samples at 15 °C and either 45 °C or 65 °C.
Unconditioned
| Temperature (C) | Conductivity Mean (W/m-K) | Standard Deviation (W/m-K) |
|---|---|---|
| 30.0 | 0.118 | 0.001 |
| 35.0 | 0.120 | 0.001 |
| 40.0 | 0.122 | 0.001 |
| 45.0 | 0.123 | 0.001 |
Dried
| Temperature (C) | Conductivity Mean (W/m-K) | Standard Deviation (W/m-K) |
|---|---|---|
| 30.0 | 0.107 | 0.0 |
| 35.0 | NaN | NaN |
| 40.0 | NaN | NaN |
| 45.0 | 0.110 | 0.0 |
Mass Loss Rate (MLR)
Initial-mass-normalized mass loss rate [1/s] was measured in the simultaneous thermal analyzer experiments at three heating rates: 3 K/min, 10 K/min, and 30 K/min and mass loss rate [g/s] in the cone calorimeter at three heat fluxes: 25 kW/m2, 50 kW/m2, and 75 kW/m2.
Simultaneous Thermal Analyzer
Cone Calorimeter: 25 kW/m2
Cone Calorimeter: 50 kW/m2
Cone Calorimeter: 75 kW/m2
Heat Release Rate Per Unit Area (HRRPUA)
Experiments for heat release per unit area [kW/m2] were conducted on samples conditioned at 20°C and 50% relative humidity using a cone calorimeter at three different heat fluxes: 25 kW/m2, 50 kW/m2, and 75 kW/m2.
Cone Calorimeter: 25 kW/m2
| 25 kW/m² R1 | 25 kW/m² R2 | 25 kW/m² R3 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Time to Sustained Ignition (s) | 136.75 | 148.75 | 136.75 |
| Time to Peak HRRPUA (s) | 1112.75 | 1106.50 | 1088.25 |
| Peak HRRPUA (kW/m²) | 264.58 | 254.28 | 262.60 |
Cone Calorimeter: 50 kW/m2
| 50 kW/m² R1 | 50 kW/m² R2 | 50 kW/m² R3 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Time to Sustained Ignition (s) | 31.00 | 31.75 | 30.25 |
| Time to Peak HRRPUA (s) | 18.00 | 17.75 | 1049.25 |
| Peak HRRPUA (kW/m²) | 345.89 | 329.34 | 372.96 |
Cone Calorimeter: 75 kW/m2
| 75 kW/m² R1 | 75 kW/m² R2 | 75 kW/m² R3 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Time to Sustained Ignition (s) | 16.25 | 13.75 | 14.50 |
| Time to Peak HRRPUA (s) | 24.75 | 21.50 | 24.75 |
| Peak HRRPUA (kW/m²) | 420.47 | 433.95 | 430.87 |
Carbon Monoxide (CO) Yield
Carbon monoxide yield was measured during cone calorimeter experiments conducted at heat fluxes of 25 kW/m2, 50 kW/m2, and 75 kW/m2.
| Incident Heat Flux [kW/m²] | Mean CO Yield [g/g] | CO Yield Std. Dev. [g/g] |
|---|---|---|
| 25 | 0.009 | 0.0 |
| 50 | 0.003 | 0.0 |
| 75 | 0.007 | 0.0 |
Specific Heat Release Rate
Experiments for specific heat release rate [W/g], were conducted using a micro-scale combustion calorimeter at a heating rate of 30 K/min.
Derived Data
Effective Heat of Combustion (Δhc)
Effective heat of combustion [MJ/kg] is calculated from data collected in micro-scale combustion calorimeter experiments.
Micro-scale Combustion Calorimeter
| Value | R1 | R2 | R3 | Mean | Std. Dev. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heat of Combustion (MJ/kg) | 12.88 | 13.18 | 14.01 | 13.36 | 0.48 |
Temperature at Onset of Decomposition
The temperature at onset of decomposition [Tonset] is a derived quantity computed from data collected in simultaneous thermal analyzer experiments.
| 3 °C/min | 10 °C/min | 30 °C/min | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean Onset Temperature (°C) | 219 | 227 | 244 |
| Std. Dev. Onset Temperature (°C) | 9 | 5 | 5 |
| Mean Normalized MLR at Onset (1/s) | 6.51e-04 | 4.64e-04 | 4.76e-04 |
| Std. Dev. Normalized MLR at Onset (1/s) | 1.86e-04 | 0.12e-04 | 0.60e-04 |
| Mean Mass Fraction at Onset | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.98 |
| Std. Dev. Mass Fraction at Onset | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Mean Temperature at end of Decomposition (°C) | 428 | 457 | 478 |
| Std. Dev. Temperature at end of Decomposition (°C) | 8 | 12 | 5 |