Measured Data
Mass Loss Rate (MLR)
Initial-mass-normalized mass loss rate [1/s] was measured in the simultaneous thermal analyzer experiments at three heating rates: 3 K/min, 10 K/min, and 30 K/min and mass loss rate [g/s] in the cone calorimeter at three heat fluxes: 25 kW/m2, 50 kW/m2, and 75 kW/m2.
Cone Calorimeter Test Notes:
This material warps into an arched shape during the fire's decay phase. This was observed in the first test (HF25_R1) and prevented in all subsequent tests by the use of tie wires.
Simultaneous Thermal Analyzer
Cone Calorimeter: 25 kW/m2
Cone Calorimeter: 50 kW/m2
Cone Calorimeter: 75 kW/m2
Heat Release Rate Per Unit Area (HRRPUA)
Experiments for heat release per unit area [kW/m2] were conducted on samples conditioned at 20°C and 50% relative humidity using a cone calorimeter at three different heat fluxes: 25 kW/m2, 50 kW/m2, and 75 kW/m2.
This material warps into an arched shape during the fire's decay phase. This was observed in the first test (HF25_R1) and prevented in all subsequent tests by the use of tie wires.
Cone Calorimeter: 25 kW/m2
| 25 kW/m² R1 | 25 kW/m² R2 | 25 kW/m² R3 | 25 kW/m² R4 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time to Sustained Ignition (s) | 39.00 | 35.75 | 37.75 | 37.50 |
| Time to Peak HRRPUA (s) | 10.00 | 11.25 | 13.50 | 11.00 |
| Peak HRRPUA (kW/m²) | 181.34 | 152.74 | 135.48 | 140.17 |
Cone Calorimeter: 50 kW/m2
| 50 kW/m² R1 | 50 kW/m² R2 | 50 kW/m² R3 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Time to Sustained Ignition (s) | 6.25 | 5.50 | 6.00 |
| Time to Peak HRRPUA (s) | 13.00 | 11.75 | 202.25 |
| Peak HRRPUA (kW/m²) | 200.32 | 201.57 | 211.92 |
Cone Calorimeter: 75 kW/m2
| 75 kW/m² R1 | 75 kW/m² R2 | 75 kW/m² R3 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Time to Sustained Ignition (s) | 2.75 | 2.50 | 3.00 |
| Time to Peak HRRPUA (s) | 13.00 | 12.50 | 12.00 |
| Peak HRRPUA (kW/m²) | 288.82 | 298.58 | 293.95 |
Carbon Monoxide (CO) Yield
Carbon monoxide yield was measured during cone calorimeter experiments conducted at heat fluxes of 25 kW/m2, 50 kW/m2, and 75 kW/m2.
This material warps into an arched shape during the fire's decay phase. This was observed in the first test (HF25_R1) and prevented in all subsequent tests by the use of tie wires.
| Incident Heat Flux [kW/m²] | Mean CO Yield [g/g] | CO Yield Std. Dev. [g/g] |
|---|---|---|
| 25 | 0.01 | 0.004 |
| 50 | 0.008 | 0.0 |
| 75 | 0.008 | 0.0 |
Specific Heat Release Rate
Experiments for specific heat release rate [W/g], were conducted using a micro-scale combustion calorimeter at a heating rate of 30 K/min.
Derived Data
Soot Yield
Soot yield [g/g] was calculated from smoke obscuration data collected in cone calorimeter experiments conducted at heat fluxes of 25 kW/m2, 50 kW/m2, and 75 kW/m2.
This material warps into an arched shape during the fire's decay phase. This was observed in the first test (HF25_R1) and prevented in all subsequent tests by the use of tie wires.
| Incident Heat Flux [kW/m²] | Mean Soot Yield [g/g] | Soot Yield Std. Dev. [g/g] |
|---|---|---|
| 25 | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| 50 | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| 75 | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Effective Heat of Combustion (Δhc)
Effective heat of combustion [MJ/kg] is calculated from data collected in micro-scale combustion calorimeter experiments.
Micro-scale Combustion Calorimeter
| Value | R1 | R2 | R3 | Mean | Std. Dev. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heat of Combustion (MJ/kg) | 13.63 | 13.29 | 13.8 | 13.57 | 0.21 |
Temperature at Onset of Decomposition
The temperature at onset of decomposition [Tonset] is a derived quantity computed from data collected in simultaneous thermal analyzer experiments.
| 3 °C/min | 10 °C/min | 30 °C/min | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean Onset Temperature (°C) | 223 | 237 | 249 |
| Std. Dev. Onset Temperature (°C) | NaN | 2 | 2 |
| Mean Normalized MLR at Onset (1/s) | 4.62e-04 | 4.84e-04 | 4.37e-04 |
| Std. Dev. Normalized MLR at Onset (1/s) | NaN | 0.37e-04 | 0.02e-04 |
| Mean Mass Fraction at Onset | 0.97 | 0.98 | 0.98 |
| Std. Dev. Mass Fraction at Onset | NaN | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Mean Temperature at end of Decomposition (°C) | 445 | 461 | 486 |
| Std. Dev. Temperature at end of Decomposition (°C) | NaN | 6 | 7 |