Measured Data
Specific Heat
Experiments for specific heat [J/(kg K)], or heat capacity, were conducted using a heat flow meter on unconditioned and dried samples at 10 °C, 20 °C, 30 °C and 40 °C.
Unconditioned
| Temperature (C) | Specific Heat Mean (J/kg-K) | Standard Deviation (J/kg-K) |
|---|---|---|
| 10.0 | 1367.0 | 16.0 |
| 20.0 | 1425.0 | 14.0 |
| 30.0 | 1511.0 | 7.0 |
| 40.0 | 1565.0 | 15.0 |
Thermal Conductivity
Experiments for thermal conductivity [W/(m K)] were conducted using a heat flow meter on unconditioned and dried samples at 15 °C and either 45 °C or 65 °C.
Unconditioned
| Temperature (C) | Conductivity Mean (W/m-K) | Standard Deviation (W/m-K) |
|---|---|---|
| 15.0 | 0.218 | 0.003 |
| 45.0 | 0.233 | 0.001 |
Mass Loss Rate (MLR)
Initial-mass-normalized mass loss rate [1/s] was measured in the simultaneous thermal analyzer experiments at three heating rates: 3 K/min, 10 K/min, and 30 K/min and mass loss rate [g/s] in the cone calorimeter at three heat fluxes: 25 kW/m2, 50 kW/m2, and 75 kW/m2.
Simultaneous Thermal Analyzer
Cone Calorimeter: 25 kW/m2
Cone Calorimeter: 50 kW/m2
Cone Calorimeter: 75 kW/m2
Heat Release Rate Per Unit Area (HRRPUA)
Experiments for heat release per unit area [kW/m2] were conducted on samples conditioned at 20°C and 50% relative humidity using a cone calorimeter at three different heat fluxes: 25 kW/m2, 50 kW/m2, and 75 kW/m2.
Cone Calorimeter: 25 kW/m2
| 25 kW/m² R1 | 25 kW/m² R2 | 25 kW/m² R3 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Time to Sustained Ignition (s) | 170.00 | 154.25 | 171.75 |
| Time to Peak HRRPUA (s) | 27.25 | 26.50 | 25.50 |
| Peak HRRPUA (kW/m²) | 693.14 | 617.13 | 665.78 |
Cone Calorimeter: 50 kW/m2
| 50 kW/m² R1 | 50 kW/m² R2 | 50 kW/m² R3 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Time to Sustained Ignition (s) | 26.25 | 25.25 | 26.50 |
| Time to Peak HRRPUA (s) | 26.25 | 28.00 | 28.75 |
| Peak HRRPUA (kW/m²) | 863.33 | 850.27 | 839.23 |
Cone Calorimeter: 75 kW/m2
| 75 kW/m² R1 | 75 kW/m² R2 | 75 kW/m² R3 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Time to Sustained Ignition (s) | 11.75 | 12.00 | 10.75 |
| Time to Peak HRRPUA (s) | 20.75 | 19.75 | 20.75 |
| Peak HRRPUA (kW/m²) | 1372.55 | 1350.24 | 1306.36 |
Carbon Monoxide (CO) Yield
Carbon monoxide yield was measured during cone calorimeter experiments conducted at heat fluxes of 25 kW/m2, 50 kW/m2, and 75 kW/m2.
| Incident Heat Flux [kW/m²] | Mean CO Yield [g/g] | CO Yield Std. Dev. [g/g] |
|---|---|---|
| 25 | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| 50 | 0.014 | 0.0 |
| 75 | 0.016 | 0.001 |
Specific Heat Release Rate
Experiments for specific heat release rate [W/g], were conducted using a micro-scale combustion calorimeter at a heating rate of 30 K/min.